【摘要】 本文运用赫兹伯格双因素理论将14个观察因素分为保健因素与激励因素两类。将医院职工从年龄、性别、收入水平、技术等级、职业类型、组织水平、工作现状(能力与挑战)等角度分为不同的群体进行研究。结果发现:该医院整个职工群体较一致的主导价值观是以责任感、胜任感、荣誉感、成就感、认可与赏识感等激励因素为主导的工作价值观。同时并存的亚型有:(1)虽以激励因素为主而激励因素的重视程度取决于保健因素的重视程度;(2)激励因素与保健因素都重视,侧重于保健因素,且激励因素的重视程度取决于保健因素的满足程度;(3)激励因素与保健因素同等重要,都比较重视。提出了:(1)建立以激励机制为主的切合实际的绩效考核制度;(2)同时优先满足以工作环境与条件为主的保健因素方面的需要;(3)把握好激励与保健双因素的辩证关系;(4)促进保健因素向激励因素的转化,防止激励因素转变成保健因素等措施,以减少职工的不满情绪,提高职工的满意度及主动性工作行为,最终保持强大而持久的激励作用。 【关键词】 双因素理论 医院职工 工作价值观 Study on the double factor theory work values to hospital staff Kejun Lan AbstractThis article utilizeed the Hertz Bergh’s double factor theory to divide 14 observations factors into two kinds,the health care factor and the drive factor.To study hospital staff from age,sex,income level,technical level,types of occupation,organization,work status (ability and challenge),which were divided into different angles of the groups.Results were:the dominant value of all hospital employee groups were sense of responsibility,competence,honor,achievement,recognition and appreciation,etc,the ethic could incent work.The subtypes existed simultaneity:(1)although the main factors were to stimulate and inspire,the stress still depended on the importance of health factors;(2)incentives and health factors had attention focused on the health factors,and incentives depended on the degree of attention to meet health factors;(3)incentives and health factors were equally important and all needed more attention.The paper points:(1)to develop a mechanism to encouraging mainly of practical performance evaluation system;(2)to give priority to the working environment and conditions of the main factors the health needs;(3)to well grasp the dialectical relationship of incentives and health factors;(4)to promote health factors motivating factor to the transformation prevent incentives into health factors,such as measures to reduce the discontent of staff,satisfying their need and improving their initiative,ultimately keeping maintain a strong and lasting inspiration. Key words double factor theory;hospital staff;work values Peigou Mine Hospital of Zhengzhou Coal Group,Zhengzhou 452382,China Correspondence to:Kejun Lan,pgkyy@sina.com 针对组织中影响人的行为动机的各种因素,赫兹伯格提出了“双因素”理论,其主要内容为:组织中影响人的积极性的各种因素可划分为两类,即保健因素和激励因素。保健因素大多与工作环境和工作条件有关,它的改善可以预防员工的不满情绪,但没有直接的激励作用;激励因素则与工作内容和工作成果有关,它的欠缺不会导致员工的不满,而其改善却可以使职工感到满意,产生强大而持久的激励作用[1]。 赫兹伯格认为,“满意”与“不满意”并不是直接对立,非此即彼的。“满意”的对立面是“没有满意”。“不满意”的对立面是“没有不满意”。“没有满意”与“没有不满意”等价,同属中间状态。“不满意”导致员工积极性的下降,“满意”则将激发他们提高工作效率。因此,对于管理者来说,要激发职工的积极性,改善工作环境和条件,消除其“不满意”是前提和基础;使工作本身具有挑战性,让员工从中得到成长并产生胜任感、成就感和“满意”感。将保健因素由不满意转变为没有不满意,将激励因素由没有满意转化为满意,这是双因素理论应用于企业管理中的关键所在[2]。 运用“双因素”理论对医院职工的工作价值
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